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|subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_name2 = Bergen |government_type = Borough |government_footnotes = 〔 |governing_body = Borough Council |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = John DeSimone (D, term ends December 31, 2015)〔(2015 New Jersey Mayors Directory ), New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, as of October 20, 2015. Accessed November 12, 2015.〕〔 |leader_title1 = Administrator |leader_name1 = Jack Terhune〔(Leonia Contact List ), Borough of Leonia. Accessed July 10, 2012.〕 |leader_title2 = Clerk |leader_name2 = Fran Lehmann〔 |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = December 5, 1894 |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = 〔(2010 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey County Subdivisions ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.〕 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 4.234 |area_land_km2 = 3.977 |area_water_km2 = 0.257 |area_total_sq_mi = 1.635 |area_land_sq_mi = 1.536 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.099 |area_water_percent = 6.06 |area_rank = 436th of 566 in state 56th of 70 in county〔 |population_as_of = 2010 Census |population_footnotes = 〔(DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Leonia borough, Bergen County, New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 7, 2013.〕〔〔(Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Leonia borough ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed March 7, 2013.〕 |population_total = 8937 |population_rank = 257th of 566 in state 41st of 70 in county〔(GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 7, 2013.〕 |population_density_km2 = 2246.9 |population_density_sq_mi = 5819.5 |population_density_rank = 89th of 566 in state 25th of 70 in county〔 |population_est = 9139 |pop_est_as_of = 2014 |pop_est_footnotes = 〔 |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = Eastern (EDT) |utc_offset_DST = -4 |elevation_footnotes = 〔, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 7, 2013.〕 |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = 85 |coordinates_type = region:US_type:city |coordinates_region = US-NJ |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_footnotes = 〔〔(US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |latd = 40.863391 |longd = -73.988471 |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 07605〔(Look Up a ZIP Code for Leonia, NJ ), United States Postal Service. Accessed November 29, 2011.〕〔(Zip Codes ), State of New Jersey. Accessed August 28, 2013.〕 |area_code = 201〔(Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Leonia, NJ ), Area-Codes.com. Accessed August 28, 2013.〕 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 3400340020〔〔(American FactFinder ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕〔(A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey ), Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed July 10, 2012.〕 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0885276〔〔(US Board on Geographic Names ), United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |website = |footnotes = }} Leonia is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 8,937,〔〔〔 reflecting an increase of 23 (+0.3%) from the 8,914 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 549 (+6.6%) from the 8,365 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed July 10, 2012.〕 It is a suburb of New York City located near the western approach to the George Washington Bridge. Leonia was formed as the result of a referendum passed on December 5, 1894, from portions of Ridgefield Township.〔 The borough was formed during the "Boroughitis" phenomenon then sweeping through Bergen County, in which 26 boroughs were formed in the county in 1894 alone.〔Harvey, Cornelius Burnham. (''Genealogical History of Hudson and Bergen Counties, New Jersey'' ), p. 11, New Jersey Genealogical Publishing Company, 1900. Accessed September 15, 2013. "For a period of sixteen years following the passage of this act few boroughs were organized in the State, only three of them being in Bergen County.... As it was twenty-six boroughs were in the county from January 23, 1894, to December 18, of the same year."〕 Portions of Leonia were taken on February 19, 1895, to form the Township of Teaneck.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 80. Accessed May 9, 2012.〕〔''History of Bergen County, New Jersey, 1630-1923;'' p. 371.〕 ''New Jersey Monthly'' magazine ranked Leonia as its 31st best place to live in its 2008 rankings of the "Best Places To Live" in New Jersey.〔("Best Places To Live - The Complete Top Towns List 1-100" ), ''New Jersey Monthly'', February 21, 2008. Accessed February 24, 2008.〕 ==History== The original inhabitants of Leonia were the Hackensack tribe (Ashkineshacky) of Native Americans. The population was about 1,000 before the Europeans settled in the area. At the time of the American Revolutionary War, Leonia was known as part of the English Neighborhood, a name that survives in neighboring Englewood. It was settled in 1668 mainly by Dutch and English farmers, making it one of the oldest communities in the state and county.〔Friendly, Jonathan. ("Leonia Offers Films of Old" ), ''The New York Times'', September 21, 1975. Accessed July 10, 2012. "The borough dates its original settlement to 1668, and seven years ago it celebrated its Tricentennial."〕 A third of the population was African slaves. It was located on the western slope of the Palisades, started as a quiet farming community. Leonia's proximity to New York City and its major universities, theaters and performing venues contributed to Leonia's place in the world of art and academics, with many artists and leading thinkers finding a home there in the twentieth century. The local economy that had been focused on agriculture underwent economic and cultural growth during the late nineteenth century, marked by the introduction of train service at was originally called West Fort Lee. J. Vreeland Moore and other town leaders chose the name "Leonia" in 1865 in honor of American Revolutionary War General Charles Lee, for whom Fort Lee was named.〔〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed September 2, 2015.〕 After traveling through Leonia after arriving in New Jersey by ferry at Edgewater in 1899, advertising executive Artemus Ward purchased a large piece of land and established the Leonia Heights Land Company to develop and market housing in the community, his advertising attracting many academics and artists who were attracted to Leonia's small size, culture, and location, earning the town's nickname of the "Athens of New Jersey".〔Llorente, Elizabeth. (If You're Thinking of Living in: Leonia" ), ''The New York Times'', February 10, 1985. Accessed July 13, 2011. "In 1899, his Leonia Heights Land Company set out to create a community that was to be unique - an idea sparked by a trip to Leonia on the Edgewater Ferry that year. Ward, the head of a New York advertising concern, envisioned a white-collar community whose residents would enjoy open space and an upper- class residential environment with an emphasis on education and culture."〕 In 1915, the Leonia School of Illustration was established by Harvey Dunn, fostering the artists' colony that subsequently emerged over the next decade.〔Falkenstein, Michelle. ("JERSEY FOOTLIGHTS" ), ''The New York Times'', July 31, 2005. Accessed March 31, 2011. "Dunn settled in Leonia in 1914 to be near the New York market for illustration and enjoyed a successful career."〕 By the 1930s, it had the highest number of residents, per capita, in ''Who's Who in America'' and 80% of its residents were college graduates. Transportation through the borough was enhanced with access to ferries and trolley systems and Leonia became a refuge for many of America's most creative thinkers which included five Nobel Prize winners.〔Cheslow, Jerry. ("Well-Read, Well-Shaded and Well-Placed" ), ''The New York Times'', June 15, 1997. Accessed July 13, 2011. "Among the other widely used facilities is the Civil War Drill Hall, a cavernous building constructed by the New Jersey Blues Infantry regiment as a training center in 1859. The hall is now home to the Players Guild of Leonia, established in 1919 and the oldest community theater group in New Jersey."〕 For 200 years, one of the two major avenues that run north-to-south through Leonia, Grand Avenue (the other one is Broad Avenue) was called the English Neighborhood Road. In colonial times, this road served as the main inland route between Paulus Hook, Bergen, and the English Neighborhood. Leonia was a crossroads of the American Revolution and a training ground for American Civil War soldiers. Historic places in this town include the Civil War Drill Hall and Armory and the Cole-Allaire House, constructed around 1765, making it the oldest dwelling in the borough, and placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.〔(Revolutionary War Sites in Leonia, New Jersey ), Revolutionary War New Jersey. Accessed December 11, 2014. "Cole-Allaire-Boyd House; oldest dwelling in Leonia - circa 1765. Home of noted loyalist, Sam Cole prior to and during part of the Revolution."〕 The Vreeland House, constructed in 1786 by Dirck Vreeland and expanded in 1815, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.〔Rutt, Walter E. (Vreeland House ), Historic American Buildings Survey, July 1938. Accessed December 11, 2014.〕 Leonia celebrates "Leonia Day" annually on the third Sunday in May.〔(Annual Events ), Borough of Leonia. Accessed May 19, 2008.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Leonia, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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